海關達人帶你了解商檢機構查驗流程
我國如何進行進出口商品檢驗工作?進出口企業或代理報關公司向商檢機構申報檢驗,商檢機構進行抽樣檢驗,經過商檢驗合格后簽發證書。商品檢驗的內容和依據是什么?恒邦報關帶你一一解答。
商品(pin)檢驗(yan)是(shi)國際貿易發展的(de)產物(wu)(wu),進(jin)出口商品(pin)檢驗(yan)是(shi)指由(you)國家設立(li)(li)的(de)檢驗(yan)機(ji)構或向政(zheng)府(fu)注冊的(de)獨立(li)(li)機(ji)構,對進(jin)出口貨物(wu)(wu)的(de)質量(liang)、規格、衛生、安全、數量(liang)等進(jin)行檢驗(yan)、鑒定,并(bing)出具(ju)證(zheng)書(shu)的(de)工作。
一、商品檢(jian)驗的內(nei)容和依據
商檢(jian)法規定(ding)進出口商品實施檢(jian)驗(yan)的(de)內容,包括商品的(de)質量(liang)、規格(ge)、數量(liang)、重量(liang)、包裝以(yi)及是(shi)否符合安全、衛生要(yao)求。檢(jian)驗(yan)的(de)依據主要(yao)以(yi)買(mai)賣合同(包括信用證)中所規定(ding)的(de)有關條款為(wei)準。
二、進出口商品檢驗工(gong)作(zuo)程序
1.接受報(bao)驗(yan):報(bao)關公(gong)司(si)準備(bei)好資,填(tian)寫報(bao)驗(yan)申請單(dan),填(tian)明(ming)申請檢(jian)驗(yan)、鑒定工作項目和要(yao)求,同時提交貿易合同、備(bei)案號、委(wei)托報(bao)檢(jian)協議等;
2.抽(chou)樣(yang):商檢機(ji)構接受報驗(yan)之后(hou),安排(pai)查驗(yan)人員赴(fu)貨物(wu)堆存地點進行現(xian)場檢驗(yan)、鑒(jian)定(ding)(ding)。抽(chou)樣(yang)時,要按照(zhao)規定(ding)(ding)的方法和一定(ding)(ding)的比例,在貨物(wu)的不同部位抽(chou)取(qu)一定(ding)(ding)數量的、能代表全批(pi)貨物(wu)質量的樣(yang)品(標(biao)本)供檢驗(yan)之用。
3.檢(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan):分(fen)析申報(bao)的(de)檢(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)項目,確定檢(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)內容,仔(zi)細(xi)審(shen)核合(he)同(信用證)對品質(zhi)、規格、包裝的(de)規定,弄清檢(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)依(yi)據(ju),確定檢(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)標準、方法,然后抽樣檢(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan),儀器分(fen)析檢(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan);物理檢(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan);感官檢(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan);微(wei)生(sheng)物檢(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)等。
4.簽(qian)發(fa)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)書(shu):在(zai)出口(kou)方面,凡列入種(zhong)類(lei)表(biao)內的(de)(de)出口(kou)商(shang)(shang)(shang)品(pin),經(jing)商(shang)(shang)(shang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)合格(ge)(ge)后(hou)簽(qian)發(fa)放(fang)行單(dan)。凡合同、信(xin)用證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)規定由(you)商(shang)(shang)(shang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)部門(men)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)出證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)的(de)(de),或(huo)國外要求簽(qian)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)書(shu)的(de)(de),根(gen)據規定簽(qian)發(fa)所需封(feng)面證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)書(shu);不(bu)向國外提(ti)供證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)書(shu)的(de)(de),只發(fa)行行單(dan)。種(zhong)類(lei)表(biao)以外的(de)(de)出口(kou)商(shang)(shang)(shang)品(pin),應由(you)商(shang)(shang)(shang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)機構檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)的(de)(de),經(jing)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)合格(ge)(ge)發(fa)給(gei)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)書(shu)或(huo)放(fang)行單(dan)后(hou),方可出運。在(zai)進口(kou)方面,進口(kou)商(shang)(shang)(shang)品(pin)經(jing)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)后(hou),分別簽(qian)發(fa)“檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)情況通知單(dan)”或(huo)“檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)書(shu)”,供對外結算(suan)或(huo)索賠用。
三(san)、進口商品(pin)檢(jian)驗(yan)分類
1.法檢(jian)商品(pin):列(lie)入《種(zhong)類表》和合同規定由我國商檢(jian)機構(gou)檢(jian)驗出(chu)證(zheng)的進(jin)(jin)口商品(pin),到貨(huo)后規范(fan)申報(bao)(bao)(bao),填寫進(jin)(jin)口貨(huo)物檢(jian)驗申請書,并提供合同、發票、提單、裝箱單等有關(guan)資料和單證(zheng),檢(jian)驗機構(gou)接到報(bao)(bao)(bao)驗后,對(dui)該批(pi)貨(huo)物進(jin)(jin)行(xing)檢(jian)驗,合格(ge)后,在進(jin)(jin)口貨(huo)物報(bao)(bao)(bao)關(guan)單上加蓋印章,海(hai)關(guan)據此放行(xing)。
2.不屬于法檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)商品:由收貨(huo)、用(yong)貨(huo)或代理接運部門(men)向所在地(di)區的商檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)機(ji)構(gou)(gou)申報進口商品檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan),自行(xing)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)或由商檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)機(ji)構(gou)(gou)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan),自行(xing)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)須在索(suo)賠期(qi)內將檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)結果報送商檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)機(ji)構(gou)(gou),若檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)不合(he)格。應及時向商檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)機(ji)構(gou)(gou)申請復(fu)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)并(bing)出(chu)證,以(yi)便向外商提出(chu)索(suo)賠。
四、進口報(bao)驗時必須提供的單(dan)證(zheng)
1.進口(kou)商品(pin)報(bao)驗(yan)時,報(bao)驗(yan)人應提(ti)供外貿合(he)同、國(guo)外發票、提(ti)單(dan)、裝箱單(dan)和進口(kou)貨物到貨通知單(dan)等有關單(dan)證(zheng);
2.申請進口商(shang)品品質檢(jian)驗的還應提供國外品質證(zheng)書,使用(yong)說明及有(you)關標(biao)準和技術資料,憑樣成交(jiao)的,須加附成交(jiao)樣品;
3.申請殘損(sun)鑒(jian)定的(de)還應(ying)提(ti)供(gong)理(li)貨(huo)殘損(sun)單(dan)、鐵(tie)路(lu)商務記錄、空(kong)運事故記錄或海事報(bao)告等(deng)證(zheng)明(ming)貨(huo)損(sun)情況(kuang)的(de)有關單(dan)證(zheng);
4.申請(qing)重(數)量鑒定(ding)的還應提(ti)供重量明(ming)細單,理貨(huo)清單等;
恒(heng)邦代理商(shang)品進出口報關,法檢(jian)商(shang)品制作完整的(de)單(dan)證,配合商(shang)檢(jian)查驗(yan),保證安(an)全快速(su)通關,降(jiang)低(di)進口物流(liu)成本(ben)和時間(jian)成本(ben)。
恒邦優勢進口代理報關項目:
海(hai)關審(shen)價不用愁,恒邦(bang)教你(ni)快速磋商完稅價格